{"id":6446,"date":"2022-06-25T06:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-06-25T00:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cbirt.net\/staging\/?p=6446"},"modified":"2022-07-02T01:11:53","modified_gmt":"2022-07-01T19:41:53","slug":"applying-3d-computational-simulation-to-reveal-the-secrets-of-the-genome-structure-in-the-human-cell-nucleus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cbirt.net\/staging\/applying-3d-computational-simulation-to-reveal-the-secrets-of-the-genome-structure-in-the-human-cell-nucleus\/","title":{"rendered":"Applying 3D Computational Simulation to Reveal the Secrets of the Genome Structure in the Human Cell Nucleus"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A research team from Nagoya University in Japan has created a 3-Dimensional computational simulation of the formation of the genome structure in the human cell nucleus. The model is expected to help in understanding cellular regulatory mechanisms and diseases like cancer that modify DNA.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cbirt.net\/staging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/20220623_01_Prof.Sasai_-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"genome structure, computer simulation\" class=\"wp-image-6447\" width=\"852\" height=\"479\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cbirt.net\/staging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/20220623_01_Prof.Sasai_-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/cbirt.net\/staging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/20220623_01_Prof.Sasai_-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cbirt.net\/staging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/20220623_01_Prof.Sasai_-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cbirt.net\/staging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/20220623_01_Prof.Sasai_-696x392.jpg 696w, https:\/\/cbirt.net\/staging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/20220623_01_Prof.Sasai_-1068x601.jpg 1068w, https:\/\/cbirt.net\/staging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/20220623_01_Prof.Sasai_.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 852px) 100vw, 852px\" \/><figcaption>Image Description: New modeling technique provides a platform to investigate the relationship between the structure, dynamics, and functions of the human genome&nbsp; (Credit: Shin Fujishiro and Masaki Sasai)<br>Image Source: https:\/\/www.nagoya-u.ac.jp\/researchinfo\/result-en\/2022\/06\/20220623-01.html<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Because it influences DNA reading and replication, the three-dimensional shape of the genome is crucial in controlling how animal and plant cells use their DNA. Our understanding of genome organization has improved as a result of the recent development of tools like high-throughput chromosomal conformation capture (Hi-C and related methods), electron microscopy, and superresolution microscopy. It is essential to create trustworthy computational models that can span these many experimental paradigms to elucidate the mechanisms governing genome organization further.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">By studying the entire human cell genome, Shin Fujishiro and Masaki Sasai, Professor Emeritus of Nagoya University&#8217;s Department of Complex Systems Science, Graduate School of Informatics, created a 3D model. Using the model as a foundation, they investigated the connection between the structure, dynamics, and functions of the human genome. The research results were published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America&#8217;s online edition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">According to Professor Sasai, the spatial arrangement of DNA and its dynamic activity in cells are crucial for understanding the functioning of the cell. While many experimental techniques, including biochemical and microscopy technologies, have been developed to help researchers understand how DNA is organized in cells, but now a comprehensive picture is required. Thus, the first computational model capable of quantitatively analyzing various data from the complete genome of human cells is presented in this research.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The researchers looked into chromatin to better understand the mechanism. In order to preserve the DNA compact, cells produce chromatin, a mixture of DNA and proteins. In line with their idea, chromatin is misplaced and undergoes an unfolding process during cell division that causes repulsive forces to drive the chromatin chains to split apart. The nuclei&#8217;s chromatin is divided into active and inactive compartments by the same force. The researchers discovered that the proposed mechanism clarified biochemical and microscopic findings of prior studies.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cbirt.net\/staging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/pnas.2109838119fig05-1024x851.jpg\" alt=\"genome structure, computer simulation\" class=\"wp-image-6448\" width=\"669\" height=\"556\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cbirt.net\/staging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/pnas.2109838119fig05-1024x851.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/cbirt.net\/staging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/pnas.2109838119fig05-300x249.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cbirt.net\/staging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/pnas.2109838119fig05-768x638.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cbirt.net\/staging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/pnas.2109838119fig05-1536x1276.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/cbirt.net\/staging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/pnas.2109838119fig05-2048x1702.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/cbirt.net\/staging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/pnas.2109838119fig05-696x578.jpg 696w, https:\/\/cbirt.net\/staging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/pnas.2109838119fig05-1068x888.jpg 1068w, https:\/\/cbirt.net\/staging\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/pnas.2109838119fig05-1920x1596.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 669px) 100vw, 669px\" \/><figcaption>Image Description: Generation of dynamic three-dimensional genome structure through phase separation of chromatin.<br>Image Source: https:\/\/www.nagoya-u.ac.jp\/researchinfo\/result-en\/2022\/06\/20220623-01.html<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The simulated genome grew upon entering the G1 phase in accordance with the heterogeneous repulsion between chromatin chains, which transported chromatin heterogeneously and caused phase separation of chromatin. This repulsion-driven phase separation accurately predicts the dynamic fluctuations of the nuclei of various human cells and quantitatively replicates the chromatin domains, A\/B compartments, lamina-associated domains, and nucleolus-associated domains that have been found in experiments. The researchers suggest that the dynamic genome&#8217;s organization is substantially determined by phase separation brought on by diverse repulsive interactions between chromatin chains.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Professor Sasai explains that this model offers a useful resource and a novel viewpoint in cell biology. The model can be used to infer how cell disturbances alter the dynamics and organization of the genome from the computer model created in this study. It can also be used to look into how cancer cells and other illness cells influence the DNA. It enables a more thorough examination of the connection between genomic structure and transcriptional control. The model developed in the research offers a vital tool and a fresh perspective on cell biology.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Story Source:<\/em> Shin, F., &amp; Masaki, S. (2022). Generation of dynamic three-dimensional genome structure through phase separation of chromatin. <em>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences<\/em>, <em>119<\/em>(22), e2109838119.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.2109838119\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">DOI: 10.1073\/pnas.2109838119<\/a> https:\/\/www.nagoya-u.ac.jp\/researchinfo\/result-en\/2022\/06\/20220623-01.html<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-learn-more-about-bioinformatics\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\"><em>Learn More About <\/em><\/mark><em><a href=\"https:\/\/cbirt.net\/staging\/what-is-bioinformatics\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">Bioinformatics<\/mark><\/a><\/em><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\"><em>:<\/em><\/mark><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns alignfull has-text-color has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"background-color:#ffffff;color:#000000\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-top-bioinformatics-books\" style=\"font-size:24px;line-height:1.3\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/cbirt.net\/staging\/bioinformatics-books\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">Top Bioinformatics Books<\/mark><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/cbirt.net\/staging\/bioinformatics-books\/\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\"> <\/mark><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/cbirt.net\/staging\/bioinformatics-books\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">\u2197<\/mark><\/a><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Learn more to get deeper insights into the field of bioinformatics.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-top-free-online-bioinformatics-courses\" style=\"font-size:24px;line-height:1.3\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/cbirt.net\/staging\/bioinformatics-online-courses\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">Top Free Online Bioinformatics Courses \u2197<\/mark><\/a><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Freely available courses to learn each and every aspect of <a href=\"https:\/\/cbirt.net\/staging\/what-is-bioinformatics\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">bioinformatics<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-latest-bioinformatics-breakthroughs\" style=\"font-size:24px;line-height:1.3\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/cbirt.net\/staging\/category\/news\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">Latest Bioinformatics <\/mark><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">Breakthroughs<\/mark><\/strong> <mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">\u2197<\/mark><\/a><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Stay updated with the latest discoveries in the field of bioinformatics.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A research team from Nagoya University in Japan has created a 3-Dimensional computational simulation of the formation of the genome structure in the human cell nucleus. The model is expected to help in understanding cellular regulatory mechanisms and diseases like cancer that modify DNA. Because it influences DNA reading and replication, the three-dimensional shape of&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":6447,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[154,156,140],"tags":[981,982,977,979,603,980],"class_list":["post-6446","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bioinformatics","category-cancer-research","category-bioinformatics-news","tag-3-dimensional-computational-simulation","tag-3-dimensional-genome-structure","tag-chromatin","tag-hi-c-method","tag-liquid-liquid-phase-separation","tag-phase-separation"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.7 (Yoast SEO v28.7) - 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